The Ironman World Championship has been held annually in Hawaii since 1978, with an additional race in 1982. It is owned and organised by the World Triathlon Corporation and is currently sponsored by Ford. It is the annual culmination of a series of Ironman triathlon qualification races held throughout the world.
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From 1978 through 1980 the race was held on the island of Oahu, the course combining that of three events already held there: the Waikiki Roughwater Swim (2.4 mi./3.86 km), the Around-Oahu Bike Race (115 mi./185.07 km, originally a two-day event), and the Honolulu Marathon. In order to link the end of the bike stage to the start of the marathon course, the bike stage was reduced by 3 miles. In 1981 the race was moved to the less urbanized Big Island, keeping the distances the same: a 2.4 miles (3.86 km) open water swim in Kailua-Kona Bay, a 112 miles (180.25 km) bike ride across the Hawaiian lava desert to Hāwī and back, and a marathon (26 miles 385 yards, 42.195 km) run along the coast of the Big Island from Keauhou to Keahole Point and back to Kailua-Kona, finishing on Aliʻi Drive.
Since 1982 the race has been held in the fall each year, before which it was held in the spring, giving two races in 1982. The most recent Ironman World Championship took place on October 8, 2011. Qualifying for the World Championship is achieved through placement in one of the other Ironman races or some Ironman 70.3 races.
The current Ironman Hawaii course record was set in 2011 by Craig Alexander (Australia), whose winning time was 8 hrs 3 mins 56 sec. The women's course record is 8 hrs 54 mins 2 sec, set in 2009 by Chrissie Wellington (Great Britain).
| Year | Gold | Time | Silver | Time | Bronze | Time |
| 2011 | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 8:03:56 | Pete Jacobs (AUS) | 8:09:11 | Andreas Raelert (GER) | 8:11:07 |
| 2010 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 8:10:37 | Andreas Raelert (GER) | 8:12:17 | Marino Vanhoenacker (BEL) | 8:13:14 |
| 2009 | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 8:20:21 | Chris Lieto (USA) | 8:22:56 | Andreas Raelert (GER) | 8:24:32 |
| 2008 | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 8:17:45 | Eneko Llanos (ESP) | 8:20:50 | Rutger Beke (BEL) | 8:21:23 |
| 2007 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 8:15:34 | Craig Alexander (AUS) | 8:19:04 | Torbjørn Sindballe (DEN) | 8:21:30 |
| 2006 | Normann Stadler (GER) | 8:11:58 | Chris McCormack (AUS) | 8:13:10 | Faris Al-Sultan (GER) | 8:19:05 |
| 2005 | Faris Al-Sultan (GER) | 8:14:17 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 8:19:36 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:20:04 |
| 2004 | Normann Stadler (GER) | 8:33:29 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:43:40 | Faris Al-Sultan (GER) | 8:45:14 |
| 2003 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:22:35 | Rutger Beke (BEL) | 8:28:27 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 8:30:08 |
| 2002 | Tim DeBoom (USA) | 8:29:56 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:33:06 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 8:35:34 |
| 2001 | Tim DeBoom (USA) | 8:31:18 | Cameron Brown (NZL) | 8:46:10 | Thomas Hellriegel (GER) | 8:47:40 |
| 2000 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:21:01 | Tim DeBoom (USA) | 8:23:10 | Normann Stadler (GER) | 8:26:45 |
| 1999 | Luc Van Lierde (BEL) | 8:17:17 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:22:54 | Tim DeBoom (USA) | 8:25:42 |
| 1998 | Peter Reid (CAN) | 8:24:20 | Luc Van Lierde (BEL) | 8:31:57 | Lothar Leder (GER) | 8:32:57 |
| 1997 | Thomas Hellriegel (GER) | 8:33:01 | Jürgen Zäck (GER) | 8:39:18 | Lothar Leder (GER) | 8:40:30 |
| 1996 | Luc Van Lierde (BEL) | 8:04:08 | Thomas Hellriegel (GER) | 8:06:07 | Greg Welch (AUS) | 8:18:57 |
| 1995 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:20:34 | Thomas Hellriegel (GER) | 8:22:59 | Rainer Müller-Hörner (GER) | 8:25:23 |
| 1994 | Greg Welch (AUS) | 8:20:27 | Dave Scott (USA) | 8:24:32 | Jeff Devlin (USA) | 8:31:56 |
| 1993 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:07:45 | Pauli Kiuru (FIN) | 8:14:27 | Wolfgang Dittrich (GER) | 8:20:13 |
| 1992 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:09:08 | Cristián Bustos (CHI) | 8:16:29 | Pauli Kiuru (FIN) | 8:17:29 |
| 1991 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:18:32 | Greg Welch (AUS) | 8:24:34 | Jeff Devlin (USA) | 8:27:55 |
| 1990 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:28:17 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 8:37:40 | Pauli Kiuru (FIN) | 8:39:24 |
| 1989 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:09:14 | Dave Scott (USA) | 8:10:13 | Greg Welch (AUS) | 8:32:16 |
| 1988 | Scott Molina (USA) | 8:31:00 | Mike Pigg (USA) | 8:33:11 | Ken Glah (USA) | 8:38:37 |
| 1987 | Dave Scott (USA) | 8:34:13 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:45:19 | Greg Stewart (AUS) | 8:58:53 |
| 1986 | Dave Scott (USA) | 8:28:37 | Mark Allen (USA) | 8:36:04 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 9:00:37 |
| 1985 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 8:50:54 | Chris Hinshaw (USA) | 9:16:40 | Carl Kupferschmid (SUI) | 9:26:32 |
| 1984 | Dave Scott (USA) | 8:54:20 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 9:18:45 | Grant Boswell (USA) | 9:23:55 |
| 1983 | Dave Scott (USA) | 9:05:57 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 9:06:30 | Mark Allen (USA) | 9:21:06 |
| 1982 (Oct) | Dave Scott (USA) | 9:08:23 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 9:28:28 | Jeff Tinley (USA) | 9:36:53 |
| 1982 (Feb) | Scott Tinley (USA) | 9:19:41 | Dave Scott (USA) | 9:53:16 | Jeff Tinley (USA) | 9:53:16 |
| 1981 | John Howard (USA) | 9:38:29 | Tom Warren (USA) | 10:04:38 | Scott Tinley (USA) | 10:12:47 |
| 1980 | Dave Scott (USA) | 9:24:33 | Chuck Neumann (USA) | 10:24:41 | John Howard (USA) | 10:32:36 |
| 1979 | Tom Warren (USA) | 11:15:56 | John Dunbar (USA) | 12:03:56 | Ian Emberson (USA) | 12:23:30 |
| 1978 | Gordon Haller (USA) | 11:46:58 | John Dunbar (USA) | 12:20:27 | Dave Orlowski (USA) | 13:59:13 |
| Year | Gold | Time | Silver | Time | Bronze | Time |
| 2011 | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 8:55:08 | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 8:57:57 | Leanda Cave (GBR) | 9:03:29 |
| 2010 | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 8:58:36 | Caroline Steffen (SUI) | 9:06:00 | Julie Dibens (GBR) | 9:10:04 |
| 2009 | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 8:54:02 | Mirinda Carfrae (AUS) | 9:13:59 | Virginia Berasategui (ESP) | 9:15:28 |
| 2008 | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 9:06:23 | Yvonne van Vlerken (NED) | 9:21:20 | Sandra Wallenhorst (GER) | 9:22:52 |
| 2007 | Chrissie Wellington (GBR) | 9:08:45 | Samantha McGlone (CAN) | 9:14:04 | Kate Major (AUS) | 9:19:13 |
| 2006 | Michellie Jones (AUS) | 9:18:31 | Desiree Ficker (USA) | 9:24:02 | Lisa Bentley (CAN) | 9:25:18 |
| 2005 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:09:30 | Michellie Jones (AUS) | 9:11:51 | Kate Major (AUS) | 9:12:39 |
| 2004 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:50:04 | Heather Fuhr (CAN) | 9:56:19 | Kate Major (AUS) | 10:01:56 |
| 2003 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:11:55 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:17:08 | Nina Kraft (GER) | 9:17:16 |
| 2002 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:07:54 | Nina Kraft (GER) | 9:14:24 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:22:27 |
| 2001 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:28:37 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:32:59 | Nina Kraft (GER) | 9:41:01 |
| 2000 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:26:17 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:29:05 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:31:29 |
| 1999 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:13:02 | Karen Smyers (USA) | 9:20:40 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:24:30 |
| 1998 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:24:16 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:27:19 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:28:29 |
| 1997 | Heather Fuhr (CAN) | 9:31:43 | Lori Bowden (CAN) | 9:41:42 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:50:02 |
| 1996 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:06:49 | Natascha Badmann (SUI) | 9:11:19 | Karen Smyers (USA) | 9:19:13 |
| 1995 | Karen Smyers (USA) | 9:16:46 | Isabelle Mouthon (FRA) | 9:25:13 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:37:48 |
| 1994 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:20:14 | Karen Smyers (USA) | 9:28:08 | Fernanda Keller (BRA) | 9:43:30 |
| 1993 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 8:58:23 | Erin Baker (NZL) | 9:08:04 | Susan Latshaw (USA) | 9:20:40 |
| 1992 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 8:55:28 | Julie Anne White (CAN) | 9:21:40 | Thea Sybesma (NED) | 9:26:57 |
| 1991 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:07:52 | Erin Baker (NZL) | 9:23:37 | Sarah Coope (GBR) | 9:33:20 |
| 1990 | Erin Baker (NZL) | 9:13:42 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:20:01 | Terri Schneider (USA) | 10:00:34 |
| 1989 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:00:56 | Sylviane Puntous (CAN) | 9:21:55 | Kirsten Hanssen (USA) | 9:24:31 |
| 1988 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:01:01 | Erin Baker (NZL) | 9:12:14 | Kirsten Hanssen (USA) | 9:37:25 |
| 1987 | Erin Baker (NZL) | 9:35:25 | Sylviane Puntous (CAN) | 9:36:57 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:40:37 |
| 1986 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 9:49:14 | Sylviane Puntous (CAN) | 9:53:13 | Joanne Ernst (USA) | 10:00:07 |
| 1985 | Joanne Ernst (USA) | 10:25:22 | Elizabeth Bulman (USA) | 10:26:55 | Paula Newby-Fraser (ZIM) | 10:31:04 |
| 1984 | Sylviane Puntous (CAN) | 10:25:13 | Patricia Puntous (CAN) | 10:27:28 | Julie Olson (USA) | 10:38:10 |
| 1983 | Sylviane Puntous (CAN) | 10:43:36 | Patricia Puntous (CAN) | 10:49:17 | Eva Ueltzen (USA) | 11:01:49 |
| 1982 (Oct) | Julie Leach (USA) | 10:54:08 | Jo Ann Dahlkoetter (USA) | 10:58:21 | Sally Edwards (USA) | 11:03:00 |
| 1982 (Feb) | Kathleen McCartney (USA) | 11:09:40 | Julie Moss (USA) | 11:10:09 | Lyn Brooks (USA) Sally Edwards (USA) |
11:51:00 |
| 1981 | Linda Sweeney (USA) | 12:02:32 | Sally Edwards (USA) | 12:37:25 | Lyn Brooks (USA) | 12:42:15 |
| 1980 | Robin Beck (USA) | 11:21:24 | Eve Anderson (USA) | 15:40:59 | ||
| 1979 | Lyn Lemaire (USA) | 12:55:38 |
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